complex Ginzburg–Landau equation

Problems emerging in computations of Lyapunov exponents for spatially extended systems are considered. We concentrate on the incorrect orthogonalization of high sized ill conditioned matrices appearing in course of the computation, and on large errors emerging under certain conditions if the finite difference numerical method is applied to solve equations. The practical guidelines helping to avoid the mentioned problems are represented.

Synchronization is studied in ensembles of locally dissipative coupled and conservative coupled weak-nonlinear van der Pol oscillators. In the chain of N elements not less than 2N¡1 different regimes of global synchronization are stable at the same values of parameters. Cluster synchronization is considered as well. Existing of multiple fronts of synchronization switching is shown. These fronts go one through another without of changing or reflections from free boundaries.