Полевые эмиттеры

Achievements and problems in creation of field emitters for vacuum microwave devices are described. The main attention is devoted to the emitters made of containing carbon materials for  high-voltage devices operating at technical vacuum conditions 10¡6–10¡8 Torr. The brief review of existing works is presented. Results of investigations performed in SPbSPU are described.

The methods of field emitter durability growth while operating in technical vacuum conditions are developed in SPbSPU and are describing in this paper. Two possibilities to secure durable emitter operation are considered: using the special protective fullerene coatings and arrangement of new type of emitter where the fields of spots on the contacts of the materials with greatly different work function provide the field emission.