Вакуумная СВЧ-электроника

Achievements and problems in creation of field emitters for vacuum microwave devices are described. The main attention is devoted to the emitters made of containing carbon materials for  high-voltage devices operating at technical vacuum conditions 10¡6–10¡8 Torr. The brief review of existing works is presented. Results of investigations performed in SPbSPU are described.

The paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of multispeed electron beams. Theoretical and experimental studies of the structure of such beams are considered. It is shown that turbulence forms in such electron beams. It leads to the formation of multiple bunches of space charge, which are sources of broadband noise-like fluctuations. The results of  experimental studies of small-sized laboratory model of the generator based on the principles of  formation and use of multispeed turbulent electron beams are shown.