History of Nonlinear Dynamics. Personalia

The article deals with the bases of fractal geometry and fates of its creators. The biographies and the discoveries of Felix Hausdorff and Abram Besicovitch – the main characters of the great play called fractal geometry – are presented with the possible degree of detail. There is no doubt that the author and director of this play was Benoit Mandelbrot.

The paper is devoted to some historical aspects of the rapidly developing field of modern mathematics – nonlinear functional analysis, which is presented as the basis of the mathematical apparatus of nonlinear dynamics. Its methods are demonstrated on the example of bifurcation. The first bifurcations problem – Euler problem on elastic instability rod under longitudinal compressive forces is considered.

From the history of relativity for students and not only for them.

The article is devoted to Robert Adler, the man who combined activities as theoretical physicist, an experimental physicist and engineer-inventor, the owner of more than 200 patents. Brief biographical information about this remarkable man is presented, and a more detailed presentation of the results of his two famous studies is given, known as Adler’s gated-beam tube and Adler’s equation.

Problems for students are presented to be solved with computer for the educational course «Dynamical Chaos». The set of problems covers topics from the nature of chaos to the scenarios of its appearance. Methodical recommendations are given.

The article is devoted to the problems of history of the Hamiltonian chaos discover  in 1960th which is described a little in publications in comparison with the history  dissipative chaos. The main center of Hamiltonian chaos research was the Nuclear Physi Institute in Novosibirsk where B.V. Chirikov and G.M. Zaslavsky worked, being the maj specialists in the world in this field of science.

The characters of the article are Nicolas Rashevsky, Karl Ludwig von Bertalanffy and Erwin Schrodinger. The events connected to their scientific research in the sphere of  Mathematical Biology take place up to the end of the World War II. The biggest part of the article focuses attention on Erwin Schrodinger’s book «What Is Life? The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell». This book is known by many, but not many people read it.

Problems of history of the Hamiltonian chaos discovery are considered. The example of Hamiltonian systems are free-moving particles with elastic collisions called mathematical billiards. The contribution from Russian scientists to chaos discovery in conservative systems (billiards are particular case of such systems) is especially large. Demonstration of billiard’s chaotic behaviour is one of the milestones in chaos history.

Настоящая публикация – продолжение публикации «Какие даты круглыми назвать?»1. В ней собраны «некруглые» даты, представляющие, на наш взгляд, определенный интерес для читателей журнала.

The paper is devoted to the history of physics and evolutionary biology to economics. This influence began with the birth of economics as a separate field of scientific knowledge and changed  with the development of physics and biology. Strengthening the role of statistical methods in the  physics of the twentieth century, the birth of nonlinear physics, biology, evolution is reflected in the  economy and finance, resulting in the appearance of such area as econophysics, nonlinear and  evolutionary economics.