vertical vibration

RADIAL PATTERNS IN A VIBRATED GRANULAR LAYER

Laboratory experiments were conducted for a sand layer placed in the vertically­oscillated containers of various shapes. Radial patterns on the sand surface were observed; experimental investigations of such structures have never been described in scientific literature. The waveform, amplitude and frequency of vibrations and the depth of the vibrated layer could be varied, allowing study the dependence of the shape and scale of radial structures upon these parameters.